Headline risk
8%
Low RiskMetal-refining furnace operators and tenders
United States AI Work Index tracks this occupation on the shared structural baseline and then layers on local demand resilience, wages, and confidence.
Why This Score
Share of job tasks that overlap with current AI capabilities
Median annual wage
Projected employment change over 10 years
Typical preparation needed for this occupation
Occupation profile
Operate or tend furnaces, such as gas, oil, coal, electric-arc or electric induction, open-hearth, or oxygen furnaces, to melt and refine metal before casting or to produce specified types of steel.
Task evidence
100% weighted task match · 0% effective coverage
Scores combine AI task overlap, human advantages, and local demand. How it works
United States Now
Median Wage
USD 55,770
Employment 2024
20.8K
Projected Change (2024–34)
-2.3%
Openings (2024–34)
2.0K
Wage distribution
Demand outlook
Overall employment of metal and plastic machine workers is projected to grow 7 percent from 2024 to 2034, decline.
Role Profile
Tasks
- 1. Inspect furnaces and equipment to locate defects and wear. AI use: 0%
- 2. Record production data, and maintain production logs. AI use: 0%
- 3. Observe air and temperature gauges or metal color and fluidity, and turn fuel valves or adjust controls to maintain required temperatures. AI use: 0%
- 4. Regulate supplies of fuel and air, or control flow of electric current and water coolant to heat furnaces and adjust temperatures. AI use: 0%
- 5. Operate controls to move or discharge metal workpieces from furnaces. AI use: 0%
- 6. Draw smelted metal samples from furnaces or kettles for analysis, and calculate types and amounts of materials needed to ensure that materials meet specifications. AI use: 0%
Technologies
Requirements
Work context
Worker profile
Median age 39.3 · 53K employed
Under 25: 15% · 25–54: 66% · 55+: 19%
Related
No direct US role match is available yet for this occupation.
Source coverage
11/11 source families · O*NET 30.2 / OEWS 2024 / ORS 2025 / OOH 2025-08-28 / Projections 2024-34 / CPS 2025 / Anthropic task penetration
Mapping quality
crosswalk_exact · employment series present
Narrative & sources
Metal and plastic machine workers set up and operate equipment that cuts, shapes, and forms metal and plastic materials or pieces.
Metal and plastic machine workers are employed mainly in factories. Workers must adhere to safety standards to protect themselves from workplace hazards. Most work full time, which for some includes evenings and weekends.
Metal and plastic workers typically need a high school diploma to enter the occupation and receive 1 year of on-the-job training. Computer numerically controlled (CNC) tool programmers typically need postsecondary training.
The median annual wage for metal and plastic machine workers was $46,800 in May 2024.
Overall employment of metal and plastic machine workers is projected to grow 7 percent from 2024 to 2034, decline.
Published limitations
This page shows the local country layer, not realised individual job outcomes. The global structural baseline is shared across countries; only the local demand and wage layer changes here.
Built from O*NET occupation descriptions, task statements, technology skills, work context, Job Zones, Anthropic task penetration, BLS OEWS wages, BLS projection tables, BLS ORS requirements, BLS OOH narrative content, BLS skills data, and BLS CPS occupation age tables.