Headline risk
10%
Low RiskJudges, magistrate judges, and magistrates
AI displacement pressure score for United States AI Work Index, combining global AI task overlap with local wages, employment trends, and demand signals.
Why This Score
Share of job tasks that overlap with current AI capabilities
Median annual wage
Projected employment change over 10 years
Typical preparation needed for this occupation
Occupation profile
Arbitrate, advise, adjudicate, or administer justice in a court of law. May sentence defendant in criminal cases according to government statutes or sentencing guidelines. May determine liability of defendant in civil cases. May perform wedding ceremonies.
Task evidence
100% weighted task match · 18% effective coverage
Scores combine AI task overlap, human advantages, and local demand. How it works
United States Now
Median Wage
USD 156,210
Employment 2024
27.3K
Projected Change (2024–34)
2.5%
Openings (2024–34)
0.9K
Wage distribution
Demand outlook
Overall employment of judges and hearing officers is projected to show little or no change from 2024 to 2034.
Role Profile
Tasks
- 1. Monitor proceedings to ensure that all applicable rules and procedures are followed. AI use: 0%
- 2. Read documents on pleadings and motions to ascertain facts and issues. AI use: 100%
- 3. Preside over hearings and listen to allegations made by plaintiffs to determine whether the evidence supports the charges. AI use: 0%
- 4. Rule on admissibility of evidence and methods of conducting testimony. AI use: 0%
- 5. Advise attorneys, juries, litigants, and court personnel regarding conduct, issues, and proceedings. AI use: 0%
- 6. Write decisions on cases. AI use: 86%
Technologies
Requirements
Work context
Worker profile
Median age 54.2 · 57K employed
Under 25: 0% · 25–54: 51% · 55+: 49%
Related
No direct US role match is available yet for this occupation.
Source coverage
11/11 source families · O*NET 30.2 / OEWS 2024 / ORS 2025 / OOH 2025-08-28 / Projections 2024-34 / CPS 2025 / Anthropic task penetration
Data quality
Employment data available
Narrative & sources
Judges and hearing officers oversee legal matters in court or administrative proceedings.
Judges and hearing officers are employed by the federal government or by local and state governments. Most judges and hearing officers work full time, and some work more than 40 hours per week.
Judges and hearing officers typically need a law degree and work experience as a lawyer .
The median annual wage for administrative law judges, adjudicators, and hearing officers was $115,230 in May 2024.
Overall employment of judges and hearing officers is projected to show little or no change from 2024 to 2034.
Important context
This score measures structural AI displacement pressure, not actual job losses. Local wages and demand data are specific to United States AI Work Index; the underlying AI task overlap analysis is consistent across all countries.